Guide complet sur la Zakat al-Fitr : Obligations, montants et importance
Zakat al-Fitr (زكاة الفطر), also called Sadaqat al-Fitr (صدقة الفطر) (the charity of breaking the fast), is a mandatory donation upon every eligible Muslim must give at the end of Ramadan before the Eid al-Fitr prayer. This is an act of alms-giving to facilitate the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, the festival marking the end of Ramadan, by providing assistance to those in need.
Importance et fondements religieux
Ibn Abbas (RA) has narrated that Rasulullah (SAW) prescribed SADAQATUL FITR as an obligatory duty in order to purify those who fast, from useless and obscene activities and to provide food for the poor. En effet, ce geste est une purification pour notre jeûne : it’s more than a mere donation, it’s a purification for our fasting and a means to ensure that even the less fortunate can partake in the happiness of Eidul Fitr celebration.
D'après Ibn Omar (qu'Allah l’agrée), le Prophète (que la prière d'Allah et Son salut soient sur lui) a imposé l'aumône de la rupture du jeûne un sa' de dattes, ou un sa' d'orge pour le serviteur et l'homme libre, pour les hommes et les femmes, pour les vieux et les jeunes parmi les musulmans. Allah says: “Indeed, he has succeeded who purifies himself.” (Quran 87:14).
Qui doit s'acquitter de la Zakat al-Fitr ?
Sadaqat al-Fitr is deemed obligatory (واجب) for every Muslim, regardless of gender or age, provided they possess the means to fulfill it. In accordance with Islamic tradition (Sunnah), Ibn ‘Umar narrated that the Holy Prophet ﷺ mandated Zakat al-Fitr for all members of the Muslim community, including slaves, free individuals, males, females, young, and old.
Il est important de noter les responsabilités familiales : the head of the household (father/husband) must pay for dependents. A woman may pay on behalf of herself or her dependents. This interaction facilitates the establishment of genuine bonds of kinship and compassion within the Islamic community, while also instilling a sense of generosity in those who possess wealth towards those who are less fortunate.
Calcul et montants pour 2024-2025
The prescribed amount of Zakat remains uniform for all, irrespective of income: it comprises a minimum of one sa` (equivalent to four double handfuls) of food, grains, or dried fruits for each family member, or its monetary equivalent. Voici un récapitulatif des montants selon les régions et les denrées :
| Région ou Type de denrée |
Montant par personne |
| France (Montant actuel) |
9 Euros |
| États-Unis (North America 2024) |
US $12.00 |
| Émirats Arabes Unis (2024) |
25 AED |
| Australie (ANIC 2024) |
$18 |
| Arabie Saoudite (Cash) |
30 Saudi riyals |
| Blé (Wheat) - Minimum per person |
$8.00 |
| Orge (Barley) - One Sa’ (7.5lbs) |
$15.00 |
| Raisins (Raisin) - One Sa’ (7.5lbs) |
$38.00 |
| Dattes (Dates) - One Sa’ (7.5lbs) |
$45.00 |
Advice for the affluent Muslims: Consider the higher standard. “And whatever good you will send ahead for your own-selves, you will find it with Allah much better in condition, and much greater in reward.” (73:20).
Distribution et délais
In Islam, Zakat al-Fitr becomes obligatory from sunset on the final day of fasting and continues until the commencement of Eid prayer, shortly after sunrise the next day. Elle doit être donnée avant la prière de l'Aïd. Pay before going to Eid Salah on Eid-ul-Fitr Day, the earlier the better.
Regarding distribution, Sadaqat al-Fitr should only be given to individuals eligible to receive Zakat. The best way to distribute Zakat al-Fitr is by personally giving it to a poor or needy Muslim. If you cannot find needy people yourself, you can give your Zakat al-Fitr to mosques or trusted charities. Ensure they distribute it on time, as late distribution defeats its purpose: if given after the Eid prayer, it becomes a form of charity (Sadaqah) but loses its original reward.
